Kenyeres István (szerk.): Urbs. Magyar Várostörténeti Évkönyv XV. - Urbs 15. (Budapest, 2021)
Abstracts
414 Abstracts of the 17th century they were not like the militant communities “planned” by Bocskai or later Transylvanian princes, who envisioned strong military force on their side. The Heyducks became a social group aiming at peace and quiet, while insisting on their privileges and hoping to maintain their independence based on their former glory. The 17th century history of the Heyducks can be characterized with a strong development before the 1660s, which was interrupted by the shock of the Szendi invasion, and it never again gained momentum. This break and the following stagnation continued into the beginning of the following century, when a rapidly unfolding uprising tried to bring change. The study investigates how the hard-pressed Heyduck towns related to the uprising led by Ferenc Rákóczi II and how they tried to save their previous privileges and gain further rights. Zoltán Gőzsy Interpretation of the Sources for the Elforts to Acquire the Status of Free Royal Town, through the Examples of 18th Century Pécs and Szigetvár The study examines the efforts of two Southern Transdanubian market towns, Pécs and Szigetvár, to acquire the status of free royal town. It focuses on the interpretation questions of the related sources and the relations, conflicts, lobbying strategies of the authorities. A dual picture emerges from the archival material of the towns. On the one hand, the picture of the developing towns that tried to attain the status of free royal town by the end of the 18lh century. On the other, the suppressed, continuously struggling towns that could not proceed and maximise their potential, due to their landowners. This narrative is confirmed by contemporaneous sources as well as by documents for the acquisition of the free royal town status, compiled retrospectively, in a tendentious way. During this period, the towns and landowners had different priorities and interests that appeared incompatible, and these generated different self-interpretations. Decoding the self-interpreting discourse can help us to understand the processes, the coexistence of the potentials and constraints, stemming from the different positions. Barnabás Guitman The Tasks and Responsibilities of the Magistrate in the Light of Leonhard Stöckel’s Doctrine of the Government In the 16th century, after the Turkish conquest and the Battle of Mohács, the Hungarian Kingdom sank into a political and economic crisis due to civil war conditions.
