Urbs - Magyar várostörténeti évkönyv 7. (Budapest, 2012)
Recenziók
596 Abstracts ISTVÁN KENYERES The Economy of Buda between the Liberation from the Turkish and the Start of the Rákóczi’s War of Independence The purpose of this paper is to explain the capital, Buda’s town management during the first fifteen years after 1868 when the town was liberated from the Turkish rule. The fact that the registers and accounts of Buda from 1692 until now remained in the Budapest City Archives (opposite to its sister town, Pest) benefits the study of that issue. The study reviews the system of accounts and according to the accounts of 1692-1702 explains the main items of expenditure and income. The primary sources of income were: burgher and defence taxes, portion (war-tax levied by Buda for the Imperial War Treasury), customs, rents, duties on selling wine and beer as well as other extraordinary taxes, loans and further revenues. The study points out that the biggest part of Buda’s income, such as the war-tax (the portion meant the 68% of the total revenues) was not paid to the Imperial War Treasury, rather as an urban tax it remained in the city. That was the most significant net receipt (47%). The 16% of the revenues came from burgher and defence taxes, 10% from customs, 9% from the rent of Buda’s facilities, 5% from duties on selling wine and beer and just 4% from loans. Among the expenditures, apart from the portion paid in the War Treasury, these items are described in the study: wage of the city’s employees (37%), costs of maintenance and building (especially the construction of the new town hall, 13%), expense of purchase and cultivation of the vineyards owned by the city (2%), costs of postage and travel (4%), presents paid to the Chamber’s officials (4%), spending on administration and town management (3%) and the debt repayments (27%). As a conclusion it can be stated that Buda had a balanced town management system before the outbreak of the Rákóczi’s War for Independence. The city’s debt increased by payment of the jus armorum, repurchase the royal free city rights in 1703 and by wars in the 1710s and the 1720s. ELEONÓRA GÉRA The Social Status of Crafsmen in the Newly Settled Buda. The Representative Body of Craftsmen: the Foreign Council The study focuses on those craftsmen citizens’ roles, who were warmly welcomed at first, in urban societies, public administration and public life from the first settle down to the birth of the chosen citizenry.
