Urbs - Magyar várostörténeti évkönyv 6. (Budapest, 2011)
Recenziók
Abstracts 409 By the 1930s, having existed only in city-centre blocks at the turn of the century, the garzon had followed the spread of bérház building, especially into the districts of Lágymányos and Újlipótváros. Small flats with bathrooms (but no kitchens) also proliferated in older buildings during the 1920s, betraying the division of large flats and the installation of amenities, in line with market demand. Garzon tenants at the turn of the century were typically people with private incomes or single small traders or artisans, but in the 1920s, head tenants appeared who were public servants. In all of the periods studied, single people made up the majority of garzon tenants, and by 1941, women accounted for 40% of head tenants. Books on home furnishings, and the writing of architect Lajos Kozma, mention these small flats in the 1930s, describing them as modern “living cells”, the ideal city-centre home for single working people or childless couples. CSABA KÁLI The showy modern and the demure modern. Architecture in Zalaegerszeg 1948-1951 The architectural character of Zalaegerszeg went through a fundamental metamorphosis in the mid-20th century. How the rapidly-growing “artificial town” assumed its new clothing, and how its tens of thousands of new residents adopted new lifestyles, make a fascinating and as-yet largely unexplored story. Here we look at three buildings in the town, and one in particular, to illustrate, via the prism of architectural history, how a multi-level transformation took place in the closing years of the nineteen forties. We also attempt to convey how, alongside the immanent potential of the town itself, the waves of national or even higher politics gave rise to architectural elements which reformulated the town’s physical spaces. The construction of a block of flats stemming from a local idea, described in detail below, gives a worm’s eye view of the years of the “political turnaround”; the clothes factory shows itself as a formative influence on the townscape deriving from national politics, i.e. the Five Year Plan; and the barracks appears in the built environment of the town as the high- political product of relations with Yugoslavia. These construction projects, all proceeding from very different motivations, share - in addition to their
