Urbs - Magyar Várostörténeti Évkönyv 9. (Budapest, 2014)
Abstracts
Abstracts 327 ELEONÓRA GÉRA Abjects in the Early 18th Century Buda The present article discusses what happened with those who needed aid because of different reasons. Birth, religion, ethnicity, profession and property defined essentially the status of an individual in the society. In several periods of the life (as a young man, or by epidemic, war, age and etc.) anyone could be in difficulty which did not go along with exclusion in itself. Contemporary public opinion categorized the poor and the needy persons by their existing or non-existing honour. In the urban society only those, partly disabled members of the local society could expect help who were not concerned with criminal activities. They according to their circumstances received benefit, got to civil hospital or workhouse. The individuals pursued wandering, whose past and origin were unknown for the local society, were treated as potential criminals there. Thus the citizens tried to hold themselves aloof from these people who could await expulsion instead of charity. In Buda after the recapture of the city from the Turkish, the norms became dominant which were taken and influenced by the magistrate came from German cultural domain. Following this, the treatment of the poor and the vagabonds as well the institutions concerned with this field were completely the same as in the German cities. JANKA TEODÓRA NAGY „It has been sentenced by the Judge and Council of City Makó.. Abiding and violation of norms in legal folk life of Makó (1781-1821) Following the historical background, the demographic, economic and social changes by the end of the 18th century in the borough-cities of Southern Plain the community integrity, which was bom within the local civilization process, created a particular public mind, a norm- and value system in which the rich urban legal life can be deemed as a part. By the 18th century Makó also obtained the privilege which meant that beside the minor criminal cases they were authorized to initiate proceedings in private legal matters arising among the serfs and peasants. The practice that the lawsuits between the
