Borsodi Levéltári Évkönyv 3. (Miskolc, 1980)
Angol nyelvű
THE BATTLE OF MISKOLC AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN THE BATTLES FOR THE HUNGARIAN SOVIET REPUBLIC Károly Bogár Based on original sources the paper deals with the events preceding the Battle of Miskolc in May 1919, the assault of Czech bourgeois troops of intervention, the occupation of Miskolc; it analyses the aims of the intervention, the attitude of the leaders in the Directory of the county and town, the reasons for the peaceful capitulation of the town reflecting power relations of the time in this way. The study underlines that the giving up of the town can not be looked upon as a capitulation proper because for lack of considerable armed forces the defence of the town was not possible. The organization of the Hungarian Red Army and its being filled with workers’ regiments began only on 2nd May, so there was a possibility of counter-attack only from the middle of May when the Red Army was not slow to recapture the town. The paper points out that the counter-attack in the direction of Miskolc started on 18th May was the overture to the glorious and successful campaign of the north and it analyses its motives. It reveals some important military events of the Battle of Miskolc and the fundamental factors and significance of the victory. Emphasizing the class-struggle mindedness of the Battle of Miskolc the paper points out the circumstances due to which the interests of the nation and workers coincided. It considers the successful offensive fought against the Czechs to be a national affair because its primary aim was the liberation of Hungary. Finally it refers to the scientific session and commemorations of the succeeding generations on the fiftieth anniversary of the Battle of Miskolc. The paper treats of the Battle of Miskolc much rather from the point of view of politics than from those of military history and strategics. THE FIRST OF SEPTEMBER 1930 IN MISKOLC Gábor Deák The economic crisis in the years between 1929 and 1933 affected Miskolc vitally too, the town famous for its industrial workers. To make matters worse the owners of the neighbourhood also reduced the number of agricultural workers and these people increased the masses of the urban proletariat. The number of unemployed brain workers was also large. In the mass demonstration on 1st September 1930 there took part first of all those left wing workers and communists having infiltrated into the Social Democratic Party, let them be organized workers or those employed in smaller industries or unemployed workers having been ousted from these industries, who were well-informed about the events in Budapest nearly every day. The organization of KIMSZ in Miskolc also took part in it. As a matter of fact it was the demonstration of all the unemployed, „a hunger-march”, as it was called in police statements and articles. Along the streets of Miskolc having 90 thousand inhabitants at that time including its outskirts, districts (Hejőcsaba, Diósgyőr-Vasgyár, the village Diósgyőr etc), there milled 6—7 thousand people what can be considered as a vast mass demonstration even if compared with the total of inhabitants. 294
