Dr. I. Pap szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 22. Budapest, 1992)

narrowing of the diapason of intergroup variability in the last centuries did not bring about the cessation of the general heterogeneity of recent Hungarians' anthropological composition. This is the reason why the centuries passed were not sufficient for the formation of a unique anthropological type of living population in spite of the comparatively small area of the Central Danubian Basin. Consequently a quite slow speed of race forming processes in the morphobiologic sense was dominant in comparison to the accelerated historical changes taking place in the last millennia of human society. Thus it can be stated that the dominance of gracile narrow-faced peculiarities was significantly decreased after the infiltration of the Conquering Hungarians into the Central Danubian Basin and they have been balanced by the complex of massive broad-faced forms. The further formation of a Central Danubian variant was predisponated realizing the special amalgamation of Mediterranean and ProtoEuropid race-components in the last one and half millennium up to the development of the regional complexes forming the somatological composition of the Hungarian people. It could be stated (Alexeeva 1966) that the more significant traits cannot be utilized independently. The author of the dissertation analyzed the complexes of lesser or more independent traits keeping in mind the interpretation of positive correlations given by Ya. Ya. Roginskiy (1954) and I. I. Alexeeva (1966) for the inhabitants of Europe after comparing a wide-scale of craniological material from the Middle-Ages. These were for example the hundredfold cranial height divided by half of the sum of maximum length ad breadth; hundredfold upper facial and orbital height divided by cranial height - on the other hand those which stand in an opposite physiological connection (nasal breadth - facial breadth) with each other. Connections of this nature were determined on chronologically different series of the Eurasiatic continent from the Mesolithic to Modern times. The degree of craniomorphological nearness existing between the simultaneous groups as the regional trends of main race-genetical changes can be stated on this basis. That is a high degree of similarity can be established between the Bronze Age groups from the Lower Volga and Kazakhstan. The mutual race-genetical relations between the groups mentioned indicated special interest concerning the earliest periods of the formation of anthropological habits of Proto-Hungarians. The analogies of the correlations of craniological complexes were also present in the AlpineCarpathian area during the Neolithic, the Paleo- and Neometallic periods. There is a proximity of the summarized Avar period cranial series of the Danube-Tisza interfluvial to the summarized Sarmatian series of the Cis-Ural region. The Sarmatian series of the Cis-Ural region reveal the maximum closeness to the summarized Avar period groups of the Trans-Tisza Plain on the basis of the correlation of the hundredfold orbital height divided by cranial height as well as that between nasal breadth and bizygomatic diameter. Conquering Hungarians are more similar to the series of Medieval males who lived in the Arpadian Period than to that one in the Avar Period according to the correlations mentioned last. The comparisons applied outlined transgressive analogies between the regional groups of the Arpadian epoch male populations - according to some significant measurements of the neuro-and splanchnocranium. The summarized group from the final Medieval times has an intermediary position among the Arpadian period series originating from Transdanubia, Northern Hungary and the Danube-Tisza interfluvial as far as the main trait complexes are concerned. The craniological series of contemporary Hungarians reveal the maximum similarity to the late Medieval group. In the interval between these two epochal periods of the formation of the Central Danubian variant more important morphological characters had been inherited according to the correlations between orbital and nasal height as well as to that one between nasal breadth and bizygomatic diameter. In the later phase (2nd millennium A. D.) of the formation of the variant mentioned the correlation between the components of the hypermorphic Proto-Europoid and the hypomorphic Mediterranean races functioned as a determinative factor, too. The survival of narrow-faced gracile forms to our times seems to be connected not only to the significant contingent of the Late-Roman-Avar period aborigines but to the more recent infiltrations of elements of the same southern component which took place in the Arpad period and later, too. Our material included a sufficiently numerous contingent from every subcontinent of Eurasia and