Dr. I. Pap szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 22. Budapest, 1992)

of North-West Kazakhstan. The almost complete absence of epicanthus on Hungarian males is a fact of no lesser significance, too. The horizontal position of the eye slit axis and its medium width are dominant with Hungarian males. No parallelism between the traits mentioned could be observed. The majority of Hungarian local groups is characterized by strong profilized face and by a slightly curved malar part. The almost singular presence of the Europoid component is reflected in these characteristics in all groups from Hungary studied by the author. The male population of Kazakhstan is characterized by significantly flat faces and by a strongly curved malar part in contrast to the Hungarians. The overwhelming majority of Hungarian local groups may be characterized with medium values of the bizygomatic width and morphological facial height i.e. mesoprosopy. A tendency for leptoprosopy can be observed most markedly in the South-Western part of Hungary. Within the category of mesoprosopy three subdivisions can be identified. The low limit of this category can be found among the males of Northern Hungary especially within the group called Palóc. It is most manifested with some male groups from the transitional zones of the Eurasian continent as they bear even more manifested tendency for leptoprosopy than the local Hungarian groups. Nasal index (from the lower border of the brows) reveals a rather heterogeneous picture in the ethnogeographical regions of Hungary. The local groups of the Hungarian male population studied by the author are characterized by leptorhiny on the whole. The minimal and maximal values of the second nasal index (calculated from the deepest point of the nasal root) were found in the Northern and South-Western parts of Hungary as well as in the North-East. Thus parallelism that is worth mentioning could be observed in the geographical distribution of both nasal indices. The same phenomenon was found on the Soviet male population studied by the author. Hungarians are characterized by medium high and high nasal roots. The straight form as well as the horizontal position of the nasal tip and the evolvated position of the nasal base are dominant in the general profile of the nasal ridge in Hungary. The proportion of the medium position of the axis of nostrils exceeds 90 percents in almost all local groups of Hungarians. Beyond the dominance of oval shaped nostrils a significant percentage of the Hungarian male population can be characterized with the triangular form. A parallelism can be stated among oval shaped nostrils, medium expressiveness of the nostril wings and the medium inclination of the axis of nostrils. The nasalo-ciliar distance as determined by the difference of the two nasal heights is more than 6-7 mm with Mongoloids as we know it. It is most symptomatic that even the greatest nasalo-ciliar distance of local Hungarian male groups is not up to the 5 mm standard that is up to the characteristic mean value of the Europoid great-race. The minimum values of this distance were found in the North-Western part of Hungary whereas the maximum ones in the South-West. Relatively low metric and metric scopic values are prevailing among the data concerning lips in the majority of the local groups of the Hungarian male population. The Hungarian male population seems to be characterized by low and under average values. In the Soviet male population samples studied by the author the lips seem to be characteristic for nearly all of the local Hungarian groups and it is near to the medium thickness of the lower lips. The Hungarian male population can be characterized by orthocheilia beyond a clearly observable proportion of the opisthocheilic forms. The procheilic form, characteristic for the representatives of the Mongoloid great-race, is almost completely absent in the Hungarian male population. The width of the mouth is represented by small low values in the male contingents investigated by the author in Hungary as well as in the Soviet Union. Hungarian males have a medium or strongly expressed chin. Strongly expressed chin can be found mostly in the Northern and Eastern groups of the male populations of Hungary. Absence of ear-flap is relatively frequent, but the lingual form seems to be much more characteristic. According to the structure and measurements of the neurocranium, the head is characterized by brachycephaly, i.e. by its great width and small-medium length in every group of the Hungarian male population. A tendency for hyperbrachycephaly is also of some importance. The majority of Hungarian