Dr. T. Tóth szerk.: Studia historico-anthropologica (Anthropologia Hungarica 17. Budapest, 1981)

The material of 401 graves was transported to the Anthropological Department of the Hungarian Natural History Museum for treatment. Later it will be stored by the Vak Bottyán Museum of Vác. MATERIAL AND METHOD From the osteological material of 401 graves - examined by me - skulls and skeletal bones were found in 316 cases. I could examine only skulls from 28 graves and only postcranial material from 57 ones. The total number of skulls found is 344. 119 of these are undetermined sex (infans and juvenis age groups and group of undeterminable age). There are 94 male and 131 female skulls. It follows from the broken condition of the material that only 24 male and 22 female skulls - all in all 46 individuals - were suitable for minute metrical and morphological analysis. Taxonomical analysis was possible to be done on 39 skulls - on 23 male and 16 female ones. I have accomplished the possible morphoscopical examinations on the broken, not measurable skulls. Though postcranial material came to light from 373 graves we could take the measurements necessary for the calculation of stature on the skeletal bones of only 73 individuals. The stature of 14 out of 24 males with well preserved skulls could be calculated. I can give the stature value of 13 out of 22 females with well preserved skulls. I measured the skeletal bones of 46 individuals (23 males, 23 females) whose skulls - because of their broken and defective state - were unsuitable for morphometrical analysis. The distribution of the population by sex, age and preservation can be found in Table 1. Table 2 demonstrates the distribution of all skulls in the series by similar viewpoints. We established the age of adults at the time of death on the basis of the ossification of cranial sutures' endocranial surface and the grades fixed by VALLOIS for the ectocranlal surface. We took into consideration the degree of abrasio according to KÖRBER. We examined the ossification of epiphysises and the surface changes of the facies symphyseos of os pubis according to NEMESKÉRY & HARSÁNY! (in FARKAS 1972). In case of children the order of deciduous and permanent teeth's eruption forms the basis of determination. We considered the closing of the synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis in separating of the juvenile group from the adults. We applied the age-group system of MARTIN & SALLER (1957) at the evaluation of results. We determined sexes by the anatomical characteristics showing sexual dimorphism on the skulls and on the skeletal bones. The skull's absolute measurements were taken by MARTIN's method (1928). We proceeded by the DEBETZ & TÓTH methodology (in FARKAS 1972) with the determination of special facial flatness. In our calculations we determined the averages of individual dimensions and indices (M), the ranee of variations (V

mm-V

max

) and the dispersion (s). We used DEBETZ'

s categories (ALEXEYEV & DEBETZ 1964) in the classification of anthropometrical characteristics. We performed the taxonomical analysis of primary characteristics on the basis of DEBETZ'

s (ALEXEYEV & DEBETZ 1964) and TÓTH'

s (1958, 1962, 1967, 1968, 1969) works. We evaluated secondary characteristics according to LIPTÁK' s (1965, 1969) taxonomical method. We determined stature by two methods, on one hand on the basis of tables containing MANOUVRIER' s (1892) data given by MOLLISON (1938), on the other hand by using the BREITINGER (1938) & BACH (1965) method. We calculated cranial capacity by WELCKER's method (in FARKAS 1972). We accomplished distance-calculations according to PENROSE (1954) in our biometrical examinations. We employed for the comparison of our series with other Avar period ones ALEXEYEVA' s (1966) special indices and the praeauricular faciocerebral indices (PFC) of the chosen cemeteries according to DEBETZ (1964). The combined examination of male and female series is possible by the application of sexual dimorphical coefficiences given by DEBETZ (ALEXEYEV & DEBETZ 1964). We evaluated the special facial flatness data by utilizing the facial flatness index which was determined by the method of DEBETZ & TÓTH (in FARKAS 1972). PALEODEMOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS Summing up the partial results we can state for the whole cemetery that 62 individuals belonged to Infans I age-group, 35 individuals belonged to Infans n age-group. All in all these